干货：怎样构建清晰的GMAT作文结构？

　　GMAT作文要求考生在30分钟内写一篇驳论文，驳斥题目给出的一段话。我们写作的基本思路是分析原文逻辑链，找出论证过程当中存在的gap然后予以攻击。攻击展开的结构建议使用经典的总分总结构，建议字数在400以上。

　　GMAT写作考试简介

　　考试形式

　　The Analytical Writing Assessment (AWA) consists of one30-minutewriting task called the Analysis of an Argument. In this section, you must read a brief argument, analyze thereasoningbehind it, and then write acritiqueof the argument.

　　审题要求

　　The following appeared as part of an article in a daily newspaper：

　　"The computerized on-board warning system that will be installed in commercial airliners will virtually solve the problem of midair plane collisions.One plane’s warning system can receive signals from another’s transponder—a radio set that signals a plane’s course—in order to determine the likelihood of a collision and recommend evasive action. "

　　Discuss how well reasoned you find this argument. In your discussion, be sure to analyzethe line of reasoningandthe use of evidencein the argument. For example, you may need to consider what questionable assumptions underlie the thinking and what alternative explanations or counterexamples might weaken the conclusion. You can also discuss what sort of evidence would strengthen or refute the argument, what changes in the argument would make it more logically sound, and what, if anything, would help you better evaluate its conclusion.

　　审题步骤

　　1.整理题目逻辑链：找到文章的结论和前提

　　→结论：第1句；前提：第2句

　　2.找到题目逻辑错误：默认前提对，找到结论不成立的原因

　　(为达到均分4-4.5分需要至少找到2个逻辑错误)

　　→1）有可能飞机碰撞事故由飞行员操控失误导致

　　2）warning system只装在了商用飞机上，而没有装在其他种类的飞机上，从而导致了碰撞事故

　　3）可能是天气因素导致飞机失控从而发生事故，与warning system无关

　　GMAT写作解题策略

　　开头段：1）总结题目结论，2）总结题目重要证据，3）指出题目逻辑有严重缺陷；

　　开头段模板

　　Merely based on unfounded assumptions and dubious (suspicious) evidence, the statement draws a conclusion that_____. To substantiate (support) the conclusion, the arguer points out evidence that_____. In addition, he indicates that_____. (Furthermore, he cites the result of a survey in support of his recommendation). At first glance, the author’s argument appears to be convincing, but further reflection reveals that it omits some essential concerns that should be addressed to substantiate the argument. From my point of view, this argument suffers from 2/3 major logical flaws.

　　结尾段：再次指出文章逻辑有严重缺陷

　　结尾段模板

　　To sum up, this arguer fails to substantiate his claim that_____, because the evidence cited in the analysis does not lend strong support to what the arguer maintains. Therefore, if the argument had included the given factors discussed above, it would have been more thorough and logically acceptable.

　　正文段

　　分段落攻击各个逻辑错误：6大类逻辑错误类型(调查数字类，因果，范围，时间，类比，思考不全面)。

　　正文段必须包含的3要素：

　　1. 明确指出逻辑错误

　　2. 举例子合理解释为什么此逻辑错误能削弱作者结论

　　3. 总结

　　调查数字类错误

　　A.quantity of the sample 样本数量不足

　　B. representativeness of the sample 样本代表性不足

　　考试真题：摩托公司广告

　　"Metro Motorcycle在social network website上面投放的广告没有效果，因为根据一个survey，90% of the respondents表示they had never bought any specific products after watching ads on social network website.同时advertising through television and radio can increase the sales of motorcycles.去年在television and radio上投广告以后，sales of motorcycle rose 15% in the city.所以该market researcher suggests that the company discontinue advertising on social network and remove all the ads budget to television and radio ads."

　　模板例文

　　The number of respondents/samples itself does not ensure representativeness.For example, if 10000 people received the survey questionnaires and only 1200 people responded, then the remaining 8800 people who didn’t respond might buy the specific products after watching advertisements on social network websites，indicating that advertising on social network websites might be effective.Thus, this would render the result of the survey meaningless and the conclusion of this argument is unfounded.

　　A. percentage 百分比少基数

　　B. absolute number 绝对数字少对比

　　百分比少基数

　　考试真题：地铁载客

　　说一个城市，为了解决traffic congestion，想要提高地铁ridership。然后发现在一个82街道invest了很多很多钱，好多millions，但是ridership只上升了15%。在102街区invest一点钱，ridership上升了30%。这是过去五年的事情，说，为了increase overall ridership所以，所以应该把82的剩下的钱，投入到102里面。才可以most effective地提升ridership。

　　模板例文

　　The author fails to provide information regarding the absolute number ofridership at 82nd station and 102nd station.It is entirely possible thatridership at 82nd station might increase from 10000 to 11500, while ridership at 102nd station might increase from 100 to 130,indicating that the investment in 82nd station might be more effective.Thus, this evidence is far too vague to be meaningful and the conclusion of this argument is unfounded.

　　绝对数字少对比

　　考试真题：咖啡店feedback

　　一家名叫Hot Cup Cafes的customers service division的一篇report说:6个月以前，咖啡店在他们的website上弄了一个customer feedback page，希望可以接受suggestion和complaint。website address clearly printed on each receipt，所以customers肯定很容易找到。自从feedback page went online的六个月以来，我们只收到了178封complaint和50封suggestion，然而我们serve了超过300,000杯咖啡。Clearly, most customers are satisfied with our current products and services,我们不需要再继续evaluate or improve现有的products and services了。

　　模板例文

　　The argument tells us the number of _the complaints received by Hot Cup Cafe__.However, the speaker fails to indicate the _number of complaints received by its main competitor_.It is entirely possible that _its main competitor also served 300000 cups of coffee and received only 5 complaints_,indicating that _Hot Cup Cafe should continue to improve its customer service___.Thus, this evidence is far too vague to be meaningful and the conclusion of this argument is unfounded.

　　综合练习

　　OG-47. The following appeared as part of a column in a popular entertainment magazine:

　　"The producers of the forthcoming movie 3003 will be most likely to maximize their profits if they are willing to pay Robin Good several million dollars to star in it—even though that amount is far more than any other person involved with the movie will make. After all, Robin has in the past been paid a similar amount to work in several films that were very financially successful."

　　Discuss how well reasoned . . . etc.

　　以上就是小编为大家整理的关于GMAT作文要求及范文要点总结，希望对大家有所帮助。更多GMAT培训机构、GMAT考试报名时间等问题可以咨询我们。