2018年GRE阅读练习：decay

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The essential condition for the decay of the vacuum is the presence of an intense electric field. As a result of the decay of the vacuum, the space permeated by such a field can be said to acquire an electric charge, and it can be called a charged vacuum. The particles that materialize in the space make the charge manifest. An electric field of sufficient intensity to create a charged vacuum is likely to be found in only one place: in the immediate vicinity of a superheavy atomic nucleus, one with about twice as many protons as the heaviest natural nuclei known. A nucleus that large cannot be stable, but it might be possible to assemble one next to a vacuum for long enough to observe the decay of the vacuum. (131 words)

7. The author's assertions concerning the conditions that lead to the decay of the vacuum would be most weakened if which of the following occurred?

(A) Scientists created an electric field next to a vacuum, but found that the electric field was not intense enough to create a charged vacuum.

(B) Scientists assembled a superheavy atomic nucleus next to a vacuum, but found that no virtual particles were created in the vacuum's region of space.

(C) Scientists assembled a superheavy atomic nucleus next to a vacuum, but found that they could not then detect any real particles in the vacuum's region of space.

(D)Scientists introduced a virtual electron and a virtual positron into a vacuum's region of space, but found that the vacuum did not then fluctuate.

(E) Scientists introduced a real electron and a real positron into a vacuum’s region of space, but found that the total energy of the space increased by the energy equivalent of the mass of the particles.

P3

1

The essential condition for the decay of the vacuum is the presence of an intense electric field.

真空衰变的最基本条件是强电场。

2

As a result of the decay of the vacuum, the space permeated by such a field can be said to acquire an electric charge, and it can be called a charged vacuum.

真空衰变的一个结果，是电场遍布的空间获得了一个电荷，也可以被称为带电真空。

3

The particles that materialize in the space make the charge manifest.

空间内出现的微粒证明了电荷的存在。

4

An electric field of sufficient intensity to create a charged vacuum is likely to be found in only one place: in the immediate vicinity of a superheavy atomic nucleus, one with about twice as many protons as the heaviest natural nuclei known.

一个足够强大到能创造出带电真空的电场，只有一种可能：紧邻一个超重的原子核，其质子数大约是已知自然环境中最重的原子核的两倍。

5

A nucleus that large cannot be stable, but it might be possible to assemble one next to a vacuum for long enough to observe the decay of the vacuum. (131 words)

如此重的原子核不可能稳定，但人为合成一个并把它置于真空附近，经过足够长的时间观测到真空衰变却是可能的。

7. The author's assertions concerning the conditions that lead to the decay of the vacuum would be most weakened if which of the following occurred?

(A) Scientists created an electric field next to a vacuum, but found that the electric field was not intense enough to create a charged vacuum.

(B) Scientists assembled a superheavy atomic nucleus next to a vacuum, but found that no virtual particles were created in the vacuum's region of space.

(C) Scientists assembled a superheavy atomic nucleus next to a vacuum, but found that they could not then detect any real particles in the vacuum's region of space.

(D)Scientists introduced a virtual electron and a virtual positron into a vacuum's region of space, but found that the vacuum did not then fluctuate.

(E) Scientists introduced a real electron and a real positron into a vacuum‘s region of space, but found that the total energy of the space increased by the energy equivalent of the mass of the particles.

选 C

越难读的文章越套路。

开篇告诉我们，重要条件是电场，句 3 又告诉我们如何确定电场的存在 —— 即出现了一些微粒 particles。而 C 攻击了particles 的存在，进而攻击了电场的存在，于是真空衰变也就不太可能发生了。

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