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Points
,
and
are vertices of an equilateral triangle, and points
,
and
are midpoints of its sides. How many noncongruent triangles can be drawn using any three of these six points as vertices?
![[asy] pair SS,R,T,X,Y,Z; SS = (2,2*sqrt(3)); R = (0,0); T = (4,0); X = (2,0); Y = (1,sqrt(3)); Z = (3,sqrt(3)); dot(SS); dot(R); dot(T); dot(X); dot(Y); dot(Z); label("$S$",SS,N); label("$R$",R,SW); label("$T$",T,SE); label("$X$",X,S); label("$Y$",Y,NW); label("$Z$",Z,NE); [/asy]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/8/5/a/85a81732e12f5eaa1d40ce7d0ba5d9185110000f.png)
![]()
There are
points in the figure, and
of them are needed to form a triangle, so there are
possible triples of
of the
points. However, some of these created congruent triangles, and some don't even make triangles at all.
Case 1: Triangles congruent to
There is obviously only
of these:
itself.
Case 2: Triangles congruent to
There are
of these:
and
.
Case 3: Triangles congruent to
There are
of these:
and
.
Case 4: Triangles congruent to
There are again
of these:
and
.
However, if we add these up, we accounted for only
of the
possible triplets. We see that the remaining triplets don't even form triangles; they are
and
. Adding these
into the total yields for all of the possible triplets, so we see that there are only
possible non-congruent, non-degenerate triangles, ![]()
点
,
并且
是等边三角形的顶点和点
,
并且
是其边的中点。使用这六个点中的任何三个作为顶点可以绘制多少个非一致三角形?
![[asy]对SS,R,T,X,Y,Z; SS =(2,2 * sqrt(3)); R =(0,0); T =(4,0); X =(2,0); Y =(1,sqrt(3)); Z =(3,sqrt(3)); 点(SS); 点(R); 点(T); 点(X); 点(Y); 点(Z); 标签( “$ S $”,SS,N); 标签( “$ R $”,R,SW); 标签( “$ T $”,T,SE); 标签( “$ X $”,X,S); 标签( “$ Y $”,Y,NW); 标签( “$ Z $”,Z,NE); [/ ASY]](http://latex.artofproblemsolving.com/8/5/a/85a81732e12f5eaa1d40ce7d0ba5d9185110000f.png)
![]()
有
图中的点,
他们都需要形成一个三角形,所以有
可能的三元组
的的
点。然而,其中一些创建了全等三角形,有些甚至根本不制作三角形。
案例1:三角形一致,
显然只有
这些:
本身。
案例2:三角形一致,
有以下
几种:
和
。
案例3:三角形一致,
有以下
几种:
和
。
案例4:三角形一致,
还有
这些:
和
。
但是,如果我们添加这些,我们只
考虑
可能的三元组。我们看到剩下的三胞胎甚至不形成三角形; 他们是
和
。将这些添加
到所有可能的三元组的总产量中,因此我们看到只有
可能的非一致,非简并三角形,![]()
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